Here we have mentioned most frequently asked SAP Basis Interview Questions and Answers specially for freshers and experienced.
1. What is SAP Basis?
Ans:
SAP basis acts as an operating system or a platform for SAP applications to run. It supports the entire range of SAP applications.
2. What is the difference between Developer Trace, System Log and System Trace?
Ans:
a) System Trace: When you want to record internal SAP system activities, system trace is used. The trace is useful in diagnosis internal problems within SAP system and the host system.
b) System Log : To know the recent logs for application server and CI, System log is referred.
c) Developer Trace: In the event of problems, developer trace, records the technical information about the error or problem
For problem analysis and system monitoring Developer trace or System log is used.
3. In a situation where My SAP system is down (Users unable to login to SAP system), how to analyze the problem?
Ans:
a) Check the Database status
b) SAP services
c) SAP management console ( Dispatcher, IGS and Message Server)
d) You need to find out trace root on the basis of point at serial no ( c ).
e) Check network connectivity if everything is ok
4. What is private mode?
Ans:
In private mode, the heap data is exclusively allocated by the user and is no more shared or available across the system. This occurs when your extended memory is exhausted.
5. What is OSP$ mean?
Ans:
Two users “OPS$adm” and “OPS$SAP” Service are created in your SAP system and to connect and communicate with database internally this user mechanism is used.
6. What are the different types of RFC and explain what Transactional RFC is?
Ans:
RFC (Remote Function Call) is a mechanism to communicate and exchanging the information between other SAP systems. There are four types of RFC’s system
a) Synchronous RFC ( S RFC)
b) Asynchronous RFC (A RFC)
c) Transactional RFC ( T RFC)
d) Queued RFC (Q RFC)
Transactional RFC ( T RFC ) : This type of RFC is similar to asynchronous RFC, but by allocating a transaction ID (TID) it makes sure that the request sent multiple times due to an error must process only for once. In T RFC the remote system does not have to be available at the moment unlike asynchronous RFC.
7. What is OCM and how to apply OCM Patches?
Ans:
OCM stands for online correction system, by using SPAM you can apply OCM Patches.
8. How to perform a SAP-export and import tables in SAP from OS level?
Ans:
To export or import tables in SAP from OS level you have to follow three steps and by using R3trans utility in SAP
Step 1: Collect all list of tables to be exported
Step 2: Check whether enough disk space is available in the directory where you going to export.
Step 3: Create two control files for R3trans which will be used for import and export.
9. What is the difference between – support package, kernel and SAP note?
Ans:
SAP Note: An error in a single transaction or program is removed by implementing a SAP note.
Kernel: Kernel contains the executable files (.EXE) like other applications and when a Kernel upgrade is done a new version of the EXE file replaces the older versions.
Support Package: SAP support packages is a bunch of corrections, this can be used by applying transaction SPAM
10. How can you find the list of objects that have been repaired in the system?
Ans:
The list of objects that have been repaired can be found in the system having ADIRACCESS keys.
11. What is the purpose of table TADIR?
Ans:
Table TADIR contains object directory entries.
12. Is it possible to install SAP patches when other users are online?
Ans:
When other users are online we can’t install SAP patches, as support manager will not be able to update and it will terminate it. So it is always feasible to better apply support packs when there is no users login into the system.
13. Mention what is the difference between SDM and JSPM?
Ans:
JSPM ( Java Support Package Manager) is used to apply support packages on deployed software components. In other words it’s a tool that allows you to install the components and support packages.
SDM ( Software Delivery Manager) is used for importing Java Support Packages. To deploy and manage software packages received from SAP, SDM tool is used.
JSPM uses SDM for the deployment purpose
14. What is the procedure to disable import all option from STMS in SAP?
Ans:
To disable import all option from STMS in SAP, steps are:
a) Go to STMS T-code
b) Go to menu option overview
c) Select System
d) Choose SAP System
e) Go to transport tool tab
f) Create parameter “No_Import_All” with value set as 1
g) Save it
15. Mention the use of personalized tab and parameter tab in user master record?
Ans:
Parameter Tab: It will allow access to assign T-code on which one has to work
Personalization Tab: It is required for RFC connection between systems other than user personal information
16. What is the different type of users in SAP?
Ans:
Different types of users in SAP are
a) Dialog Users
b) System Users
c) Communication Users
d) Service Users
e) Reference Users
17. Explain what is the use of reference and service user in SAP?
Ans:
Service User: For “service user” initial password or expiration of password are not checked. Only admin has rights to change the password, users cannot. Multiple logins are possible.
Usage: Service users are for anonymous users. Minimum authorization should be given to such type of users
Reference User: For this kind of users GUI login is not possible.
Usage: In case of emergency, with the help of reference user, it is possible to provide one user authorization to another user.
18. Explain how you can restrict multiple logins of user in SAP? What are the thing you have to take care of while writing the ID’s?
Ans:
To restrict multiple logins you have to set the parameter as
Parameter should set in RZ10
a) login/multi_login_users= set to 1 to activate (If this parameter is set to value 1, multiple dialog logons to the R/3 system are blocked)
b) login/disable_multi_gui_login= List out the users that should be allow to logon for multiple times
While writing the user ID’s things to be taken care are, list the user IDs separated by commas “..” , between user IDs do not leave space characters and to see the changes restart the R/3 instance.
19. At OS level how you can change the number of work process? How you can analyze the status of work process at OS level?
Ans:
To change the number of work process at the OS level, you can increase the no. of work processes by modifying the parameter rdisp/wp_no_=
Status of a WP at OS level can be checked by executing dpmon.
20. Explain how to define logon groups?
Ans:
Logon groups can be defined using the Tcode smlg. In order to do that you have to create the group and then assign the instances for that particular group.
21. What is SAP single stack system?
Ans:
A single stack system is defined by SAP system either with JAVA as runtime engine or SAP Netweaver as ABAP.
Eg: Single Stack System (Java) is SAP Enterprise Portal System (Ep)
Single Stack System (ABAP) is SAP ERP (ECC)
22. What are the tools to install JAVA patches?
Ans:
To use the JAVA patches , SAP installer (SAPinst.exe) is employed. SDM and JSPM are the latest versions of tools used to deploy Java Patches.
23. Explain what is “Data Sets” in SAP?
Ans:
To solve queries which cannot be solved by using the method interfaces, a set of information is used. This set of information is known as “ Data Sets”.
24. At O.S level where to check for system logs of SAP application?
Ans:
To check the system logs of SAP application at OS level, SAPMMCà SAP systemsà SIDàSysLog
25. Explain what is LUW (logical unit of work)?
Ans:
A list of steps among t-code in known as logical LUW
26. Explain what is heterogenous system copy and homogenous system copy ?
Ans:
Homogenous system copy= Same OS + Same Database
Heterogeneous system copy= Different OS + Different database or same database
27. Explain what are the functional modules used in sequence in BDC?
Ans:
Using BDC programming a data can be transferred successfully. There are 3 functional modules which can be used in a sequence.
a) BDC _OPEN_GROUP: Name of the client, sessions and user name are specified in these functional modules.
b) BDC_INSERT: It is used to insert the data for one transaction into a session.
c) BDC_CLOSE_GROUP: It is used to close the batch input session.
28. Explain what is an “OK” code is and what is the difference between “t-code” and “OK” code?
Ans:
An “OK” code is used by a program to execute a function for example after a push button has been clicked.
Transaction code or “t-code” is a “shortcut” that helps a user to run a program.
29. Explain how client refresh is different than client copy?
Ans:
Client refresh is overwriting or copying to existing client, while copying the newly created client is called client copy.
30. What is a background processing batch scheduler?
Ans:
To check the schedule background jobs and to execute them parameters like rdisp/btctime is used. These parameters define background processing batch scheduler.
31. Explain what is SAP IDES?
Ans:
SAP Internet Demonstration and Evaluation System or SAP IDES, this system demonstrate the functionality of various SAP solutions used by important customers.
32. Explain what is the purpose of TDEVC ?
Ans:
The purpose of TDEVC contains development classes and packages.
33. How many types of work processes are there in SAP ?
Ans:
There are seven types of work processes they are:
a) Dialog
b) Enque
c) Update
d) Background
e) Spool
f) Message
g) Server
h) Gateway
34. What is the role of “ Application Server” ?
Ans:
Application Server takes the request from the user and if the request requires data then it connects to the database server and gives output.
35. What is process for applying patches?
Ans:
Process for applying patches are:
a) Download patches from the service .sap.com to Trans Directory
b) Using CAR command extract the patches in the Trans Directory
c) Using SAPM, import patches into SAP level and Apply
36. How to perform the transport?
Ans:
Transport can be done through STMS_IMPORT or through FTP.
37. What are the types of transport queries?
Ans:
a) Customising Request
b) Workbench Request
c) Transport of Copies
d) Re-location
38. Explain what is business KPIs ?
Ans:
Business KPIs are Key Performance Indicators. It indicates the performance of a company at a strategic level. They help in leading the company on the desired track by comparing company’s previous performance with the market leaders in the same market.
39. Explain what is the importance of table T000?
Ans:
Table T000 contains a list of defined clients, where we can maintain transaction code SCC4.
40. What is SAPS ?
Ans:
SAPS stands for SAP Application Performance Standard, which is a hardware independent unit which describes the performance of a system configuration in SAP environment.
41. Mention what is the difference between Central Instance & Application Server?
Ans:
Central Instance has message server and dialog, update, spool, enque, gateway, background work processes.
Application server has dialog, update, spool, gateway and background work process.
42. In what ways you would know whether a system is Unicode or Non-unicode?
Ans:
By code sm51 t-code we can see whether it is Unicode or non-unicode. In this code we can find the release notes button in the application tool bar if you click on that you can see the total information like Database, Kernel version, Unicode or non- Unicode.
43. In SAP basis what are the different types of transport requests?
Ans:
Four types of transport requests are there
a) Customizing request
b) Workbench request
c) Transport request
d) Relocation
44. What is logical system? How to create and why?
Ans:
For communication between systems within the landscapes logical system is required. It enables the system to recognize the target system as an RFC destination.
TCODE used is SPRO
45. How you can assign an object to 100 roles at time?
Ans:
To assign an object to 100 roles at time,
a) Go to sell T-code from there go to the table agr_agrs.
b) You will be asked for Access key
c) Enter the objects that needs to be added to 100 roles
d) Select the range of roles in which the object needs to be added
e) Save or Activate whatever option is given
46. On a particular system how you can get a list of the users with development access on a particular system?
Ans:
By using table “DEVACCESS” you can get a list of the users with development access.
47. How can you view locked transactions?
Ans:
To view locked transactions you need to look in field CINFO, table TSTC. Within SAP you can either use SE11 or SE16 to browse the table contents. Make sure that you enter “A0” as the “HEX01 data element for SYST” starting value and “A9” as the ending value. This will list all the transactions locked in the system.
48. What is an ‘OK’ code? What are the differences an ‘OK’ code to a ‘T-code’?
Ans:
OK code is used by a program to execute a function for example after a pushbutton has been clicked. A transaction code is a “shortcut” that helps a user run program.
49. How you can disable the ‘Import All’ button on STMS for the queues?
Ans:
a) Login to your Transport Domain Controller
b) Run STMSàOverviewàSystem
c) Choose the system you want to disable ‘Import All’
d) Go to Transport Tool tab
e) Add/Create parameter “ No_IMPORT_ALL” set its value to 1
50. How you can apply SAP notes to SAP system?
Ans:
a) Goto Tcode SNOTE
b) GOTO MenuàDownload SAPNote
c) Give the Note No
d) After downloading check the status, if implemented
e) Select Note, GOTO Menu SAPNoteàImplement Note
51. Mention what is the purpose of table USR02?
Ans:
This table stores passwords and User IDS.
52. What is the difference between kernel replacement and support package?
Ans:
Kernel replacement is the replacement of the SAP executable on the OS level, while support package contains fixes to the ABAP code within a SAP instance.
53. Which are the most frequent errors encountered while dealing with TRANSPORTS ?
Ans:
Return code (4) indicates import ended with warning.
Return code (8) indicates not imported ended with error
Return code (12) indicates import is cancelled.
Return code (16) indicates import is cancelled.
54. How will go about doing a client copy ?
Ans:
You can do a client copy using the SCCL transaction
55. List the difference between asynchronous and synchronous transport –
Ans:
Synchronous Transport – Dialog or batch process are blocked until import is ended
Asynchronous Transport – Dialog or batch process is released after import is started.
56. List the types of Transport requests?
Ans:
There are 4 types of transport requests in SAP –
1. Customizing Request
2. Workbench Request
3. Transport of Copies
4. Relocation
57. What is the difference between Consolidation and Development route ?
Ans:
In consolidation route – objects can be changed and they can transport from one system to other. This is the route between development to quality
In Development route – Objects can not be changed and they can not be transported from one system to other. This is the route between quality to production
58. How will you define logon groups ? What is Load Balancing in SAP ?
Ans:
You can set the logon group using SMLG transaction.
59. What is supplementation language ?
Ans:
Default SAP systems are pre-installed with English and German.
SAP does support many other language which may not full translate from the default English and German. To fill this gap , Supplementary language (a program) is installed.
60. Is SAP a database ?
Ans:
NO . SAP is not a database but it uses databases from other vendors like Oracle. Although SAP has recently released its own database HANA
61. Which transaction do you use to check Buffer Statistics ?
Ans:
ST02 , RZ10
62. What is the current version of SAP GUI? How do you install it?
Ans:
SAP GUI 7.4, the latest version for Windows was released in October, 2014. It supports various features like — it is by default installed with NWBC 5.0 and SAP GUI and GUI shortcuts are launched through NWBC.
63. Which SAP GUI type is suitable for different kind of users? How do you decide?
Ans:
When users are working mostly in the SAP system
SAP GUI for Windows or SAP GUI for Java is recommended.
When users are ABAP developers
For ABAP developers, SAP GUI for Windows is recommended.
When users use operating systems other than Microsoft
It is recommended that they use SAP GUI for Java and HTML or they can use SAP GUI for Windows on a remote server
For integrating Dynpro transactions to the Portal
The use of SAP GUI for HTML is recommended. This allows you to integrate classic Dynpro-based applications into the portal easily.
64. Why do we create instances in SAP system? How are these instances configured?
Ans:
SAP instance is defined when you install and configure a SAP system. These are used to refer to memory, processors and other resources in the system. SAP instance allows users to login to the SAP system and share the same resources.
A SAP instance is managed by CCMS and is used by users to login.
A SAP system can consist of one or more instances — you can set up a SAP system with a single instance with only one CCMS or you can configure a system with two or more separate instances in client/server environment.
We need to consider the following points to configure a SAP instance –
- You need to define separate directories for UNIX, AS/400, or Microsoft Windows NT server on which the instance is to be run.
- You can use a shared file system.
- For each instance, there are entries created in operating system configuration files (/etc/services, /etc/sapconfig…).
65. Explain the architecture of SAP system with different layers. What is the use of Gateway?
Ans:
Presentation layer communicates with the application server to perform all the processing. This is known as the brain of a SAP system.
An application server consists of multiple instances and communicates with the database layer of the three-tier architecture.
Bottom layer is called the database layer. This is responsible to store all the data. Database of SAP system is kept on a separate server for performance and security reason.
The Presentation layer consists of different components for ABAP and JAVA that enables the communication and processing of data in SAP system. The key components at Presentation layer also includes — Gateway. This is used to manage communication between SAP system and external systems.
66. Suppose you have to integrate SAP ECC 6.0 to AWS cloud. How can you achieve this?
Ans:
You have to make use of SAP Cloud Appliance Library (CAL). This will help you to directly push SAP ECC software to your cloud environment by entering the Security key.
67. How do you check the installed software components and product versions on SAP system?
Ans:
Go to SAP system data->Click on component magnifying glass.
The following two options will be displayed –
- Installed Software Component Versions
- Installed Product Versions
Under installed software component, you can see all the software installed, support package, service pack, description etc. If you want to check the details of each component, you can select the component and go to the details tab as shown above.
Go to Installed Product Versions; it will show you the version of the installed SAP NetWeaver.
68. What is client administration in SAP system? Why do we use multiple clients in SAP system?
Ans:
A client is used in SAP system for multiple login on a single instance. You can create multiple clients on a single instance. It also provides data security as one user with one client can’t see the data of the other user with another client and also there is no need to install the software again.
The following are the advantages of client administration in SAP system –
- Using SAP Clients, the same resources can be shared between multiple users.
- It helps you to manage SAP system landscape as you can create multiple clients for DEV, QA and PROD team.
- It allows you to share the SAP system with a large number of users.
- We have standard clients in SAP system
69. What are the default clients in SAP system? How can you create a new client in SAP system?
Ans:
SAP system comes with the following three standard clients –
000 – This is called the master client and is available when you install R/3 system.
001 – This is a copy of 000 and it comes with a test company. Generally, this client is used to create new clients.
066 – This is called the SAP Early watch. This is used for diagnostic scans and monitoring service in the SAP system.
Following are the steps to create a New Client in SAP –
- To create a new client in SAP system, use transaction code — SCC4
- To create a new client, enter the following details after clicking on New Entries –
- Client number and name
- City
- Currency, Roles
- Enter your client-specific data and set permission for the clients as per your requirement and click on save.
70. How can you create a new user in SAP system? How do you assign roles to new users?
Ans:
You can create multiple users with different access rights in SAP system. Follow these steps to create a new user –
Step 1 – Use transaction code — SU01
Step 2 – Enter the username you want to create, click on the Create icon.
Step 3 – You will be redirected to the Next Tab — the Address tab wherein, you have to enter details like First name, Last name, Phone number, email id, etc.
Step 4 – You will further be directed to another Tab — the Logon Data tab wherein,
- You have to enter the user type under Logon data tab.
- Type the first login password – New Password and Repeat Password
Step 5 – You will now be directed to the Roles tab wherein, you have to assign the roles to the user
Step 6 – Now, the next tab is the Profiles tab wherein, you have to assign the Profiles to user.
Step 7 -Click on Save and you will get a confirmation.
71. What are the different user types in SAP system that an admin can use while creating a new user?
Ans:
The following are the five different types of user types –
Dialog user — This user is used for interactive system access from GUI.
System user — This user is used for background processing and communication within a system.
Communication user — This user is used for external RFC calls.
Service user — This user is created for a larger and anonymous group of users.
Reference user — These are reference users with no logon possible, non-person related users that allow the assignment of additional authorizations.
72. Is it possible to lock users in SAP system? What are the different ways to lock/unlock users?
Ans:
The different ways to lock/unlock users are –
Manually/Forcefully
Automatically
Manually or Forcefully
You can lock a user forcefully/automatically using the following transaction codes –
Transaction- SU01 for single user
Transaction –SU10 for multiple users
73. How can you define login policy for users in SAP system?
Ans:
You can set the number of incorrect login attempts and then system can end the session or can also lock the user account if parameter value is set by Administrator. There are two types of parameters used –
Static – This parameter doesn’t apply immediately and the system needs a Restart for this.
Dynamic – This parameter can be applied directly and the system does not need a Restart.
To set the value of parameters, use transaction code — RZ11s
74. What are the different login and password parameters that can be applied in SAP system?
Ans:
To set the number of failed attempts, use parameter — login/fails_to_session_end.
Likewise, you have other parameters such as login/fails_to_session_end, login/fails_to_user_lock
The following are the password policy parameters –
login/min_password_lng
login/password_expiration_time
75. How do you maintain password selection for users? What are the different parameters that can be used for this and which table maintains these details?
Ans:
Passwords are maintained in table USR40 and transaction code — SM30 is used for this purpose.
There are two wildcard characters –
?- stands for a single character
*- stands for a sequence of any combination characters of any length.
If you select 123* in table USR40, it means that any password that begins with the sequence “123.” is prohibited.
If you enter *123*, it prohibits any password that contains the sequence “123.”
If you select AB?, it indicates that all passwords that begin with “AB” and an additional character are not allowed. For example, “ABB”, “ABF”, etc.
76. What are the categories to execute SAP Background jobs?
Ans:
Class A (High Priority) – This is used for urgent or critical tasks. These tasks must be scheduled with class A priority job. Class A job reserves one or more background work processes.
Class B (Medium Priority) – These jobs are executed after the completion of Class A high priority jobs.
Class C (Low Priority) – These jobs run once class A and class B jobs are completed.
77. What are the different options available for scheduling a background job? What start conditions type can be used?
Ans:
To schedule a background job you must specify the conditions that will trigger the job to start.
The different types of start condition you want to use are –
- Immediate
- Date/Time
- After Job
- After Event
- At Operation Mode
78. What are the different types of job status? Can you unschedule an active job?
Ans:
The different types of status are – Scheduled, Released, Ready, Active, Finished, Cancelled
You can’t unschedule a job if it is active. You need to wait for the completion of the job to unscheduled it.
79. What is the use of commit value while deleting jobs in SAP system?
Ans:
Commit value is proportional to program performance. If the commit value is high, then job deletion will run faster. Recommended value is >= 1000.
80. What is a Transport Request in TMS? What are the different types of Transport Requests that can be created in a SAP system?
Ans:
A Transport Request contains number of changes to be implemented in the development system. It consists of the type of change, purpose, change category, target system and other details.
Transport Requests are named in a standard format — K
For example, in K –
- SID represents System ID
- K stands for fixed keyword/alphabet
- Number can be anything from a range starting with 900001
There are two type of request types that can be created in SAP system –
Workbench Request – This request type contains repository and cross-client customizing objects. Workbench requests are used to make changes to the ABAP workbench objects.
Customizing Request – This request type contains objects that belong to client-specific customizing. These requests are created in system automatically when a user performs customize setting and a target system is automatically assigned as per the transport layer.
81. How will determine whether your SAP server is Unicode or ASCII ?
Ans:
Go to SM51 , Click Release Notes. Entry corresponding to ICU Version will tell you whether your system is ASCII or Unicode.
82. What is the use of transport logs in TMS system? What are the different log types and record value in the log files?
Ans:
There are two types of logs that are available in Transport Management System
Transport Logs – This keeps track of transport log files which have been moved in a transport request.
Action Log – This includes the details of action logs that have been performed in a Transport Request. This also includes exports, import, etc.
One of the important functions provided by the logs are the following return codes –
0 — This value represents that export was successful.
4 — This value represents that a warning was issued and objects were transported successfully.
8 — This represents that a warning was issued and at least one object could not be transported.
12 or higher — This value represents an error in Transport Request and this normally does not result because of objects in TR and probably occurs because of system failure.
83. Which transport directory is used to implement support package and add-ons?
Ans:
Transport directory /usr/sap/trans should have enough space.
84. What is the use of Kernel in SAP system? How do you check the current Kernel version in SAP system?
Ans:
Kernel is an executable program that exists between SAP Applications and operating system. It consists of executable program under the path — “/sapmnt//exe” for UNIX and \usr\sap\SID\SYS\exe\run Windows. It starts and stops application services such as message server, dispatcher, etc.
In Kernel upgrade, new .exec files replace old executable files in SAP system. To check the current version, use Transaction SM51 and go to Release Notes.
To check the status, go to System -> Status tab -> Other Kernel info
85. What are the key activities that you perform as part of SAP Basis support?
Ans:
- Job Processing and Scheduling
- User Management
- SAP system configuration and Client Administration
- Installation and Patch Upgrade
- Installation and Patch Upgrade
- Managing interfaces and integration with servers
86. How do you check the users logs in your system and how many sessions each user is generating?
Ans:
SM04:
To check number of users are logged into the system and in which client and how many session each user is generated and in each session what transaction is being executed.
87. How do you maintain roles in SAP system?
Ans:
PFCG:
This is used to maintain roles in SAP system.
88. What is SAP GUI?
Ans:
SAP GUI is known as client tool which is used to access remote central server and runs on different operating systems like Microsoft Windows, UNIX, Mac, etc. This is used to manage and access SAP applications like SAP ECC and SAP Business Intelligence system.
89. Do you know the different supported platforms for SAP GUI?
Ans:
SAP GUI for the Windows environment
SAP GUI for the Java(TM) environment
SAP GUI for HTML / Internet Transaction Server (ITS)
90. Are you aware of Blue Crystal design of SAP GUI?
Ans:
SAP Blue Crystal is a new visual design theme which succeeds Corbu. It provides a consistent design that allows users to seamlessly experience SAP GUI and NWBC elements. It is the standard theme of Fiori applications and comes with a new color palette and icons which are better scalable.
91. What is SAP Market place?
Ans:
To download SAP Products. Service.sap.com to login to SAP Market Place
92. What is the difference between Sandbox, Development box and Production server?
Ans:
Sandbox server
When a project is implemented, at the initial stages a sandbox server is used where all the customization, configuration is performed.
Development Server
Next is to save the configuration in development server and saved in workbench requests and this has to be transported to Production server.
Production Server
You can consider it as last or most refined stage where the work is done when project is in production/go live. All the changes that are requires by client are performed in DEV environment and later and the request is transported to production.
93. How do you create an instance?
Ans:
To create an instance, you should first define an operation mode. To create an instance, go to CCMS > Configuration or use Transaction code RZ04.
94. What are the different components in SAP system architecture?
Ans:
Presentation layer communicates with the application server to perform all the processing and which is known as brains of an SAP system.
An application server consists of multiple instances and communicates with the database layer of the three-tier architecture.
Bottom layer is called database layer which is responsible to keep all the data. Database of SAP system is kept on a separate server for performance and security reason.
At Presentation layer you consist of different components for ABAP and JAVA that enables the communication and processing of data in SAP system. Key components at Presentation layer includes –
Message Server
This is used to manage communication between distributed Dispatchers in ABAP system.
Message Server
This is used to manage server processes and JAVA dispatchers. It is used to manage communication within JRE.
Dispatcher Queue
This is used to store multiple work process types.
Dispatcher
It is used to distribute the requests to the work processes.
Memory Pipes
This is used to manage communication between ICM and ABAP work processes.
Enqueue Server
This is used to handle logical locks set by the executed Java application program.
Java Dispatcher
JAVA dispatcher is responsible to receive the client requests via presentation layer and forward to the server process.
Gateway
It is used to manage communication between SAP system and external systems.
ABAP Work processes
It is used to execute dialog steps in R/3 applications separately.
95. Where do you download trail version of SAP ECC, what is SAP CAL?
Ans:
You can download SAP ECC 6.0 free trial from SAP Market place. It is also possible to integrate SAP ECC 6.0 trial using SAP Cloud Appliance Library ACL to AWS or other cloud environment service provider by providing user public cloud key.
96. What is SAP NetWeaver?
Ans:
SAP NetWeaver is known as open technology software component that provides you a platform to run critical business applications and integration between people, processes and information. It allows the composition, provisioning, and management of SAP and non-SAP applications across a heterogeneous software environment.
97. Do you have an idea about SAP NetWeaver architecture?
Ans:
SAP NetWeaver is one of central component of entire SAP software stack and provides you a platform for other components and JAVA and ABAP applications.
SAP Application server consists of multiple several application server instances and also database servers. With use of dialog instance, it also contains message server and an enqueue server.
Internal Communication Manager
It is used to process both client and server web requests. It supports protocol – HTTP, HTTPS, SMTP
Dispatcher
Dispatcher is used to distribute the user request to different work processes. If all the work processes are busy, requests are stored in Dispatcher queue.
Work Processes
These are used to execute Java or ABAP programs.
SAP Gateway
This provides RFC interface between SAP instances.
Message Server
Message Server
98. What is SAP NetWeaver Administrator tool?
Ans:
SAP NetWeaver Administrator (NWA) is a Web-based tool that allows you to perform configuration, advanced administration, monitoring, troubleshooting, and diagnosing a SAP NetWeaver system.
You can use NWA tool in these working modes –
Online
Local and remote
99. What do you understand by SAP Client administration?
Ans:
A client is used in SAP system for multiple login on single instance. You can create multiple clients on a single instance. It also provides data security as one user will client can’t see data of other user and also there is no need to install the software again.
100. What are the benefits of using different clients in SAP system?
Ans:
- Using SAP Clients, you can share the same resources between multiple users.
- It helps you to manage SAP system landscape as you can create multiple clients for DEV, QA and PROD team.
- It allows you to share the SAP system within large number of users.
- Standard Clients in SAP system.
- You can create clients in SAP system from 000-999.
101. When your database size is large, how you can perform client copy in SAP landscape?
Ans:
It is always recommended to use import/export option for client copy when database size is large.
Steps to export a client –
Log on to Target system and create an entry for new target client using Transaction SCC4. To perform export for transferring data files to target system import buffer use Transaction SCC8.
102. What is password policy?
Ans:
It is also possible to define password policy for users in SAP system. This includes –
- User has to set minimum password length
- Password expire policy
- Password complexity, etc.
103. What do you understand by executing background jobs in SAP system?
Ans:
Background jobs are jobs in SAP system that run in the background without effecting normal operations in the system. Background jobs are used to reduce manual effort and to automate the process. They can run in the background without any user input and can be scheduled to run when system load is low.
104. What should be the job status to make it run?
Ans:
Released
105. How do you access Job Overview screen?
Ans:
Transaction Code: SM37
Use * in job name column and select the status to see all the jobs created by this user. Also enter the date range as per the requirement -> Execute
106. What do you understand by Transport Management in SAP Basis?
Ans:
TMS is one of the key component in SAP system and used to control the new requests, to monitor the changes- who has implemented the changes, defining and configuring system landscape in SAP environment.
107. What are the different components in Transport Management system?
Ans:
Change and Transport Organizer CTO
Transaction: SE01
This is used to manage, configure the changes in SAP repository and other objects. This provides you a central environment for development and configuration projects.
Transport Management System
This is used to manage, control and copy development objects and for customization to perform in SAP system landscape using transport routes configured with RFC Connections. This includes exporting the objects from one SAP system and importing to target system.
Tools
Tools are part of SAP Kernel and are used to manage R3 trans and transport control program.
108. How to add a system to Transport domain?
Ans:
Log on to SAP system that you want to add to system, use client 000 and start transaction STMS. If system is not added, TMS will check configuration file DOMAIN.CFG and will ask to join the domain. Click on -Select the proposal and save. System will remain in ‘Waiting’ status initially.
To complete the task -> login to Domain Controller System -> Transaction STMS -> Go to Overview -> Systems.
You can see new system that will be available. Go to SAP System ->Approve
109. What are Transport routes? What are the different Transport routes type in SAP Basis?
Ans:
Transport routes are defined as routes that are defined by SAP Administrator to transmit the changes between different SAP systems.
You can define two types of transport routes –
- Consolidation (From DEV to QAS) – Transport Layers are used
- Delivery (From QAS to PRD) – Transport Layers not required
110. Where do you check Transport request logs?
Ans:
You can also check the logs once the transport request is completed. To check the logs, Transaction SE01 -> GoTo -> Transport Logs
111. What is the use of Patches in SAP system? Could you name few common patch types?
Ans:
In SAP system, when a bug is found you have to use patches to fix the bug. There are different types of patches that can be used in SAP system. All patches start with SAPK followed by patch type.
ABAP (SAPKA620XXXX)
ABAP (SAPKA620XXXX)
ABAP (SAPKA620XXXX)
ABAP (SAPKA620XXXX)
112. In what sequence patches should be applied in SAP system?
Ans:
Patches are also called support packs and they should be applied in this sequence –
BASIS (SAPKB620XXXX)
ABAP (SAPKA620XXXX)
ABAP (SAPKA620XXXX)
APPLICATIONS (SAPKH470XXXX)
113. Where do you download Support Package and Stack update?
Ans:
You can download support package from SAP Service Market place. Open the link- service.sap.com and login with your SID.
114. How do you perform proactive monitoring of Application servers, CPU Utilization, Database space, monitoring log files?
Ans:
System monitoring involves proactive monitoring of Application servers, CPU Utilization, Database space, monitoring log files, etc.
System monitoring also includes –
- Batch Jobs monitoring
- Batch Jobs monitoring
- Monitoring Application Users
- Spool Request Monitoring
- Print Requests
- To monitor SAP system, use Transaction SM51
115. What is RFC connection?
Ans:
To communicate between SAP systems, there is a need to define a mechanism. One of the most common way is to define Remote function Call RFC connection between two systems. By creating a trusted RFC connection between two, it allows you to create trusted-trusting relationship between systems and you can communicate and exchange information and data.
116. What are the different types of Trusted RFC connections in SAP system?
Ans:
Type 3
This connection type is used to specify connection between ABAP systems. As mentioned in next article, you need to mention host name and IP address of source system and also the logon information. This is applicable for both type of RFCs, between ABAP systems and external calls to ABAP systems.
Type I
It is used to specify ABAP systems connected to the same data base as the current system.
Type T
It is defined as connection for destinations to external programs that use the RFC API to receive RFCs. This can be activated using start or registration.
117. How do you create Trusted RFC connection in ABAP system, Explain?
Ans:
Creating a Trusted RFC Connection –
On your source SAP system AA1 you want to setup a trusted RFC towards target system BB1. When it is done it would mean that when you are logged onto AA1 and your user has enough authorization in BB1, you can use the RFC connection and logon to BB1 without having to re-enter user and password.
Using RFC trusted/trusting relationship between two SAP systems, RFC from a trusted system to a trusting system, password is no required for logging on to the trusting system.
Open SAP ECC system using SAP logon. Enter transaction number sm59 ? this is transaction number to create a new Trusted RFC connection.
118. Name the SAP R/3 system Central interfaces?
Ans:
Presentation
Database and
Operating system Interface
119. Define SAP R/3 Basis ?
Ans:
SAP R/3 Basis – A administration platform that allows to manage all SAP applications, R/3 network, monitoring and so on…
120.We setup a saprouter in dmz so that all sap requests can be routed in and out from that machine and the sap application servers are not necessary to be exposed to the internet user. However, the saprouter does not handle the bw web reporting application requests. We do not have e.P. Are there any tools which can help us to route web reporting requests the way saprouter does?
Ans:
You need a SAP Web dispatcher. It acts like a SAP Router but routes SAP ICM traffic. BW Web reporting is a BSP that sits on the ICM. You can look for sapwebdisp.exe in the kernel directory or do a self-generated profile using command option “bootstrap.”